{"id":11295,"date":"2021-05-25T19:30:41","date_gmt":"2021-05-25T16:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drago-met.ru\/?p=11295"},"modified":"2024-03-22T17:35:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T14:35:35","slug":"serebro-kak-himicheskij-element-tablitsy-mendeleeva-ag-istoriya-metalla-opisanie-fiziko-himicheskie-svojstva-primenenie-v-chistom-vide-i-v-splavah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drago-met.ru\/en\/serebro\/serebro-kak-himicheskij-element-tablitsy-mendeleeva-ag-istoriya-metalla-opisanie-fiziko-himicheskie-svojstva-primenenie-v-chistom-vide-i-v-splavah\/","title":{"rendered":"Silver as a chemical element in the Mendeleev table (Ag): history of the metal, description, physical and chemical properties, pure and alloy applications"},"content":{"rendered":"

Silver<\/a> - Ag or Argentum, an element of group 11 of the fifth period of the table described by D. I. Mendeleev. This simple substance is ductile metal<\/a> silver-gray color. It is classified as noble, but it oxidizes in the air over time, going black<\/a>. The substance has been known since ancient times and plays an important role as an industrial raw material for exquisite costume jewelry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

History of silver mining from ancient times: different meanings and uses<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The conventional age of human acquaintance with silver is measured by six thousand years. This is the age of the most ancient decorations<\/a>The metal was found during excavations in the Middle East. In Babylonian and Assyrian times, metal was considered a magical element of the moon with mystical significance. It also played this role during the Middle Ages: alchemists regarded the unusual color of the substance as the second most perfect metal and an integral part of the Great Work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its malleability, beauty, and relative resistance to oxidation provided another use for the metal. For the first money in the world in the form of coins was used alloy<\/a> gold or silver. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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For a time, the metal was valued above gold, as the latter is too malleable, and silver jewelry lasted longer. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ratio factor prices<\/a> precious metals<\/a>The Newtonian theory, introduced by J. Newton, played a major role in the popularization of silver<\/a> an important role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Silver<\/span>
AG silver is a chemical element<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the 13th century there appeared silverware<\/a> and candlesticks, later instruments, tools. Since the 19th century, when mankind mastered electricity, metal<\/a>its alloys have become indispensable for the manufacture of electrical engineering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discovery of the chemical element, its formula and its place in the Mendeleev table. Etymology of the term and its translation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The symbol Ag is the 47th chemical element in the periodic system of Mendeleev. It is located in the 5th period. Atomic number of the element is 47, atomic weight 107.868, molar weight 107.87 g\/mol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The metal exists as two stable isotopes of atomic weight 107 and 109, as well as a radioactive isotope of weight 110.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The electronic configuration is unusual: the silver atom consists of 47 protons and 47 neutrons. The 47 electrons are arranged on 5 levels. Chemical properties depend on the structure of the last levels. This element is an exception. The calculated formula assumes 2 electrons on the 1st sublevel of the 5th level and 9 electrons on the 3rd sublevel of the 4th level. In fact, there is a slippage: an electron from level 5 shifts to level 4. This transformation causes the main valence to be 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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In the course of its history, silver has received many names in chemistry. However, since the Middle Ages, its Latin pronunciation has been generally accepted - argentum, <\/em>which translates as white, shining.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The form of existence of silver in nature. The main deposits<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mankind was so early introduced to silver because it was often found as a brilliant nugget. Even in the 15th century, large deposits were still being found: for example, a 20-ton silver block discovered in 1477 on the Schoenberg site. But today the substance is more often mined from rocks with a complex composition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The most famous deposits are located in Mexico, Chile, China and Australia. Favorites are Peru and Poland - the share of these countries accounts for 110 thousand tons of precious metal. The U.S. also belongs to the top seven.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"The<\/span>
Silver fossil<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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The reserves of the substance on the territory of Russia amount to 68 thousand tons, which makes Russia an important participant of the silver market. There are known deposits in Kazakhstan, Canada, Armenia, India, and Argentina.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The importance of European silver declined after the conquest of Peru and Argentina. Nevertheless, the extraction of the metal continued in deposits: Germany, Norway, Sweden, Austria. The pace of ore mining in Hungary, Romania and the Czech Republic did not decrease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Natural Silver Minerals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A noble metal. It is so called not because of its beauty and luster, but because of a certain chemical inertness. It is slower to oxidize and retains its appearance longer. However, compared to gold or platinum, it seems to be active, that is why it is more often found in the Earth's crust as a complex of silver-containing rocks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

More than 50 minerals of the metal are known. Only those containing a sufficiently large proportion are used in industry. There are no more than 20 of them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n